農會信用部逾期放款與經營管理之關係

本研究利用2001年至2008年的縣市別、鄉鎮別及問卷調查的資料，實證分析台灣農會信用部逾期放款比率變動趨勢與影響的因素。實證結果顯示台灣農會信用部逾放比有明顯的地域性，以彰化、台南、高雄、及屏東等四個縣偏高；而台東、宜蘭、及花蓮等三縣則偏低。農會信用部增加會員放款，將導致逾放比上升；相對地，增加非會員及贊助會員放款，將使逾放比減少。在2004年前，農會信用部的存放比對逾放比有顯著正影響；在2004年後，卻有顯著負影響。逾放比隨放款類別不同而異，一般擔保放款及農機放款對逾放比有顯著的負影響，透支、統一農貨擔保放款、農宅放款及內部融資則對逾放比有顯著的正影響。此外，農會所在地附近的其他金融機構家數多寡，將直接增加農會信用部市場的競爭壓力，迫使農會信用部改善經營體質，導致逾期放款比率下降。農會總幹事連任對逾放比有顯著的正影響。

Using 2001 to 2008 different district and a questionnaire survey data, this
empirical study analyzes the trend and factors which affect the Overdue Loan Ratio
(OLR) of the Credit Department of Farmers’ Association(CDFA) in Taiwan. The
conclusions of this study are:
1. The OLR reveals extremely significant difference among regions. The OLR in
Zhanghua, Tainan, Gaoxiong, and Bingdong are obviously high; But OLR in
Taitung, Yilan, and Hualian are extremely low.
2. Increasing the loan to associations’ members may lead the rise of the OLR, while
increasing the loan to non-members and supporting members may lower the OLR.
3. Before 2004, the loan-deposit ratio was positively related to the OLR. After 2004,
the loan-deposit ratio is negatively related to the OLR.
4. Different kinds of loan have differently affects on the OLR. General mortgage
loan and loan for farm machinery have the remarkably negative impact on OLR.
But overdraw, agricultural product mortgage loan, loan for agricultural dwelling,
and internal financing have positive influence to OLR.
5. The number of financial institutions nearby CDFA will directly increase the
external pressure of competition, and forces them to improve operational
efficiency, and results in the decrease of OLR.
6. The re-election of general manager in CDFA may raise the probability of OLR.