醫療院所室內排煙設備探討研究

現代醫療院所建築由於受外在氣候條件因素之影響，例如都市區域發展的客觀條件，室內外溫度差距過大，室內外空氣無法對流與流行性疾病日漸增多的趨勢，故一般病房不適用中央空調設備而必須使用需使用負壓病房或能交換新鮮空氣之建築設備，若能找尋一套能共用建築物通風或換氣系統之設備，利用建築物自然通風設備，可降低對於空調冷氣機械的依賴、減少耗能。實為本研究目標。

但是醫療院所的空間規畫多樣，必須依據不同的功能性提供不同的防火區劃及避難，對於一般病房而言，由於有可能為行動不便之患者、高齡、或者是長期仰賴維生管線的患者，考量在部分時間唯有限的照護人力較難以負荷單樓層的疏散避難，患者之狀態對於緊急情況之避難場所造成的衝擊較不易隨著環境應變需由當下服務的醫護人員提供適切性的幫助，若能夠在有限的條件下強化醫療院所之建築物防火系數以及有效的平行消防避難設備等硬體設備的條件下，透過創造暫時的待救援空間並加上防火及防煙區劃的設置以達到延長待援時間至消防機關第一線救災人員到來以預防醫療院所火災的方法，因此本研究希望建議自然排煙窗適當配置作為防火安全管理的依據。

利用案例問卷調查分析及深度訪談的模式進行研究，希望藉由探討建築物室內裝修空間與自然排煙窗之間的關係，其結果可提供相關機關日後參考使用。

The buildings of modern medical institutions are affected by external climatic factors. For example, the objective conditions for the development of urban areas, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is too large, the air in indoor and in outdoor cannot be convective, and increasing trend of epidemic diseases. Therefore, general wards are not suitable for central air-conditioning equipment and must use construction equipment that requires negative pressure wards or can exchange fresh air. If it can find a set of equipment that can share the building's ventilation system, using the building's natural ventilation equipment, you can reduce the dependence on air-conditioning and air-conditioning machinery and reduce energy consumption. This is the target of this research.
However, the space planning of medical institutions is diverse, and different fire protection zones and refuges must be provided according to different functions. For general wards, because there may be patients with mobility impairments, elderly patients, or patients who rely on life-saving systems for a long time, it is difficult to load single-floor evacuation and evacuation due to the limited nursing manpower in part of the time. The patient’s status is less likely to cause an impact on an emergency evacuation site. As the environment responds, the current medical staff must provide appropriate assistance. If it is possible to strengthen the fire protection coefficient of medical facilities and effective parallel fire-fighting refuge equipment and other hardware equipment under limited conditions, by creating a temporary space to be rescued, and adding fire and smoke prevention zoning. In order to extend the waiting time to the arrival of the first-line fire department to prevent fires in medical institutions. Thus, this study hopes to recommend the proper configuration of natural smoke exhaust windows as the basis for fire safety management.
Use questionnaire analysis and in-depth interviews to conduct research, hoping that by exploring the connections between building interior decoration spaces and natural smoke exhaust windows. In addition, hoping the research results can be used for reference by relevant agencies in the future.