應用資料包絡分析法評估我國地方機場之營運績效

自2008年我國開放大陸遊客來台後，兩岸航線逐漸頻繁，2015年達到有史以來最高峰，全年有7萬7069架次兩岸航班在台灣各地機場起降，大陸旅客來台共計有418萬人次，但是隔年大陸政策改變，開始限縮來台旅客，2017年大陸遊客降至為273萬人次，許多觀光產業、飯店業、遊覽車業皆受到影響，至於我國眾多地方機場經過本研究以客觀方式進行資料包絡分析，只有台北機場受到波及。然而，過去各地方政府為了提高人民交通使用上的便利，而提出許多地方機場建設，但是自從高鐵加入營運後，徹底改變國民交通習慣，許多地方機場航線不如以往，屏東機場成為被迫關閉的第一座機場，曾經引起我國機場密度過高的問題，卻在最近地方首長因高雄機場不敷使用而提出新建和重啟屏東機場的議題再度引起關注，經過兩座機場合併後進行資料包絡分析，結論發現效率並未受到嚴重影響。最後本研究蒐集自2005年至2017年國內共計9座機場營運數據，進行資料包絡分析法分析，探討我國目前有那幾座機場面臨無效率情形，並針對無效率機場提出達成有效率之相關建議。

Since government of Taiwan open China's tourists came to Taiwan in 2008, direct air flight between Taiwan and China have become more frequent. In 2015, there were 70,706 direct flights between Taiwan and China taking off and landing at airports across Taiwan. The China’s tourists totaled 4.18 million reached the highest peak ever. But the policy of China changed in the following year, and began to limit the number of tourists to Taiwan. In 2017, the number of China tourists dropped to 2.73 million. Many tourist, hotel, and tour bus industies have been affected. However, after conducting data envelopment analysis, only Taipei Airport was affected During this period. In the past, Taiwan local governments proposed many local airport constructions to improve the convenience of people’s transportation. Since the high-speed rail has joined the operation, it has completely changed the people's traffic taking behavior, resulting in many local airport routes not being as good as before. Pingtung Airport thus became the first airport to be forced to close, which reveal the problem of high airport density in Taiwan. However, the mayor recently proposed to restart Pingtung Airport or build new one has once again attracted attention. Through the analysis of mergeing two airports, it was found that the efficiency was not seriously affected. This study collected a total of 9 airports operational data from 2005 to 2017, and conducted data envelopment analysis analysis. Exploring the inefficiencies of the airports in Taiwan, and give them suggestions.