應用管制圖於冷藏飲品補貨系統之研究

研究目的：（R,S）存貨政策是一種用於管理庫存的補貨策略，優點是簡單易實施，特別適合需求相對穩定的情況。然而，若需求波動較大，可能導致庫存過多或不足，進而引發長鞭效應。為此，本研究應用管制圖及西方電氣法則來改進（R,S）存貨策略，以減緩長鞭效應。
研究方法：本研究以單一冷藏飲品為對象，提出使用 "X" ̅ 管制圖分別監控需求和庫存。需求管制圖用於分析需求變動，幫助企業修正需求預測；庫存管制圖用於管理庫存水準，確保庫存穩定在控制範圍內，並維持訂單數量平穩。
研究結果：相較於傳統（R,S）補貨系統，結合管制圖與西方電氣法則的 (R,S) 補貨系統顯著減緩了供應鏈的長鞭效應，並提升了服務水準。然而，隨著服務水準的提高，庫存水準的波動性也有所增加。
研究貢獻：透過實際數據，本研究結果證實了（R,S）補貨系統結合管制圖與西方電氣法則在庫存管理中的有效性，為企業提供了一個更穩健和可靠的庫存管理策略。

Research purpose: The (R,S) inventory policy is a replenishment strategy used for managing stock levels. Its advantage lies in its simplicity and ease of implementation, particularly suitable for situations where demand is relatively stable. However, if demand fluctuates significantly, it may result in excessive or insufficient inventory, thereby triggering the bullwhip effect. To address this, our study applies control charts and the Western Electric Rules to improve the (R,S) inventory strategy, aiming to mitigate the bullwhip effect.
Research method: This study focuses on a single refrigerated beverage and proposes using X̅ control charts to separately monitor demand and inventory. The demand control chart is used to analyze demand fluctuations and help businesses adjust their demand forecasts. The inventory control chart is used to manage inventory levels, ensuring that stock remains within control limits and maintaining stable order quantities.
Research result: Compared to traditional (R,S) replenishment systems, the (R,S) system combined with control charts and the Western Electric Rules significantly mitigates the bullwhip effect in the supply chain and improves service levels. However, as service levels increase, the volatility of inventory levels also rises.
Research contribution: Using real data, the results of this study confirm the effectiveness of the (R,S) replenishment system combined with control charts and the Western Electric Rules in inventory management. This provides businesses with a more robust and reliable inventory management strategy.